The government has the right to insist that all persons engaging in commerce carry valid commercial documents. The government also has the right to inspect commercial cargo described in the documents. The government also has the right to require the time of loading and unloading be stamped or written on the documents so that unreasonably short delivery times that indicate excessive speed or inadequate rest can be detected and prosecuted.
The government does not have the right to inspect private property carried in a truck—unless the property is that of a corporation that employs drivers to haul its own property. Nor does it have the right to inspect records of driver's personal activities.
AMENDMENT IV: SEARCHES AND SEIZURES
Unreasonable searches are forbidden: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects(trucks), against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no (search)warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
There are a variety of over-dimensional vehicles used by private industry that the government has no right to search such as cranes, portable drilling equipment, and mobile homes. The government does have the right to insist that vehicles have enough axles to obey bridge laws in order to protect the roads and are narrow enough to fit within their lane. The driver may be fined or incarcerated if he lacks the competence to keep the vehicle within its lane. A driver may be sued for negligence in civil court if he attempts to drive an unreasonably large vehicle such as if a retiree attaches a car to a motor home and then attaches a boat trailer behind the car. The operation of dangerous vehicles cannot Constitutionally be allowed even when additional documents such as permits or logbooks are carried. Unsafe vehicles must be banned entirely and safe vehicles must be allowed to travel unimpeded.